Research

My research develops physics-informed and data-driven methods to model, estimate, and secure traffic dynamics across large-scale transportation networks. The four directions below share a common foundation in network traffic dynamics and a common methodological core in physics-informed learning, optimization, game theory, and behavioral modeling.

Common foundation Network traffic dynamics
Method Physics-informed learning
Method Game theory and optimization

Hover or focus a research area to see how it connects to the shared foundation and methods.

Physics-Informed AI

I embed traffic-flow theory into machine learning to model and estimate traffic dynamics at the network scale. This work includes physics-informed formulations of macroscopic models such as the generalized bathtub model for large-scale urban networks, graph learning guided by the network macroscopic fundamental diagram for traffic state imputation, and adaptive domain decomposition for estimating traffic states from sparse sensor data, aiming at scalable inference that stays reliable where data are limited.

Physics-Informed AI research overview infographic
  1. Under review
    Adaptive Domain Decomposition Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Traffic State Estimation with Sparse Sensor Data
    Eunhan Ka, Ludovic Leclercq, and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies (under review), 2026. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2605.08028
  1. TR Part C
    A Physics-Informed Machine Learning for Estimating Traffic State with a Generalized Bathtub Model in Large-scale Urban Networks
    Eunhan Ka, Jiawei Xue, Ludovic Leclercq, and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.trc.2024.104661
  1. TR Part B
    Network Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram-Informed Graph Learning for Traffic State Imputation
    Jiawei Xue, Eunhan Ka, Yiheng Feng, and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2024.102996

Network Resilience

I study how transportation networks absorb and recover from disruption. My work quantifies how climate-driven and cyber disruptions propagate through networks, how reliability degrades under such events, and how operations can be designed for faster and more dependable recovery, with a focus on reliability- and recovery-oriented modeling and decision support at the city scale.

Network Resilience research overview infographic
  1. Transportmetrica B
    Resilience of Traffic Networks to Route Guidance Attacks: The Role of Driver Behaviour Heterogeneity
    Eunhan Ka and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    Transportmetrica B: Transport Dynamics, 2026. DOI: 10.1080/21680566.2026.2674257
  1. Under review
    Day-to-Day Traffic Network Modeling under Route-Guidance Misinformation: Endogenous Trust and Resilience in CAV Environments
    Eunhan Ka and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems (under review), 2026. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2605.14204

Transportation Cybersecurity

I model and mitigate cyber threats to connected and autonomous mobility. This spans route guidance attacks that manipulate driver routing and their behavioral and network-level effects, detection of V2X attacks such as fake emergency messages, and a broader review of cybersecurity needs for next-generation road transportation, with defenses judged by their network-level outcomes.

Transportation Cybersecurity research overview infographic
  1. VehicleSec
    MIRAGE: Detecting Fake Emergency Electronic Brake Light Attacks in V2X Networks via Event-Gated Behavioral Analysis
    Eunhan Ka, Doguhan Yeke, Z. Berkay Celik, and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    In 4th USENIX Symposium on Vehicle Security and Privacy (VehicleSec’26), 2026
  1. TR Part F
    Route Guidance Attacks in Cyber Transportation Networks: A User-Centered Study of Behavioral Sensitivity
    Eunhan Ka and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103354
  1. ACM JATS
    Cybersecurity for Next-Generation Road Transportation: A Review
    Satish V. Ukkusuri, Omar Faruqe Hamim, Zengxiang Lei, Eunhan Ka, M Sabbir Salek, Mashrur Chowdhury, M. Hadi Amini, Alvaro Cardenas, and Bhavani Thuraisingham
    ACM Journal on Autonomous Transportation Systems, 2025. DOI: 10.1145/3744352

Optimization & Human Behavior

I combine optimization, game theory, and behavioral modeling to study how travelers route and respond in mobility systems. This includes mean field routing games for connected and autonomous vehicles, analytical network-flow frameworks for traffic under route guidance attacks, and empirical studies of driver behavior such as gap acceptance and surrogate safety measures, connecting individual behavior to network-level performance.

Optimization & Human Behavior research overview infographic
  1. INFORMS
    Dynamic Routing Games for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles with Traffic Congestion: A Mean Field Game Approach
    Eunhan Ka and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    In 2023 INFORMS Annual Meeting, 2023
  1. JTE Part A
    Leveraging Location-Based Data for Assessing Network-Level Traffic Impact of Lane Management: A Case Study of Alex Fraser Bridge2022 Editor’s Choice Collection
    Eunhan Ka, Smita Sharma, and Satish V. Ukkusuri
    Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems, 2022. DOI: 10.1061/JTEPBS.0000760
  1. J. Adv. Transp.
    Implementing Surrogate Safety Measures in Driving Simulator and Evaluating the Safety Effects of Simulator-Based Training on Risky Driving Behaviors
    Eunhan Ka, Do-Gyeong Kim, Jooneui Hong, and Chungwon Lee
    Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2020. DOI: 10.1155/2020/7525721
  1. J. Adv. Transp.
    Evaluation of the Rain Effects on Gap Acceptance Behavior at Roundabouts by a Logit Model
    Dongmin Lee, Sooncheon Hwang, Eunhan Ka, and Chungwon Lee
    Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018. DOI: 10.1155/2018/2726732

Research Funding

Awarded / Participated

Led full proposal development as Graduate Research Assistant (PI: Dr. Satish V. Ukkusuri), from conceptualization and writing through submission, and contributed to project execution.

  • Attracting and Retaining the Transportation Workforce and At-Risk Targeted Areas INDOT · $225,000 · 2024–2026
  • A Multi-Resolution Simulation Platform for Transportation System Security Testing and Evaluation USDOT University Transportation Center (TraCR) · $340,000 · 2024
  • Training Gap Analysis for INDOT Workforce INDOT · $213,500 · 2023–2025

Submitted / In Preparation

  • Resilience-Based Prioritization Framework for Cooperative UAV–UGV Road Maintenance INDOT · $200,000 · Co-PI · proposal, under review

Research Support

  • Google Cloud Research Credits Google Cloud (computing grant) · $1,000 · 2025